Illustrative restaurant scenario

Worked example: restaurant FRA and kitchen extraction risk

See how a competent assessment might be scoped, what evidence could be needed and how possible findings could become a prioritised action plan.

Premises90-cover restaurant with basement preparation area
Illustrative areaCentral London
TriggerNew operator, changed cooking line and incomplete maintenance records
Indicative FRA price£400–£850 for the illustrative FRA scope; specialist systems and duct surveys excluded
Illustrative timescaleInspection planned around opening and service conditions; report commonly within 3–7 working days
How to read this page

The premises, events, findings, cost range, timescale and outcome below are constructed examples. They show a possible assessment journey; they do not predict what an assessor would find at your building.

Example summary

What this scenario demonstrates

  • The cook line, extraction route and building separation must be considered together
  • Peak service conditions can differ substantially from a quiet inspection visit
  • Basement staff and unfamiliar customers need credible independent escape arrangements
  • Cleaning records do not by themselves prove duct condition or fire resistance

The fictional scenario

Premises and assessment trigger

Imagine a new operator taking over a restaurant beneath two residential flats. A charcoal grill and second fryer have been added, but the available extraction-cleaning certificate covers only the canopy and accessible duct sections. The basement preparation room has one stair into the kitchen and the rear yard exit is frequently narrowed by deliveries.

The FRA should examine the premises as it operates during a busy service: ignition and fuel at the cook line, grease transport through the duct, separation from sleeping accommodation, warning, staff actions, customer escape and the availability of both routes.

Illustrative scope

What the assessment might need to cover

The final scope would depend on the real building, occupants, evidence and agreed limitations.

01

Kitchen and extraction

Appliances, fuel, isolation, suppression where provided, canopy, filters, duct route, cleaning and fire-resisting construction.

02

People and peak occupancy

Customers unfamiliar with exits, staff roles, language, alcohol, mobility and maximum service conditions.

03

Escape and warning

Basement travel, rear exit, dining layout, alarm coverage, emergency lighting and door security.

04

Building interfaces

Flats above, landlord-controlled construction, shared services, neighbouring units and contractor responsibilities.

Possible complications

What could make the assignment less straightforward?

01

The duct route is concealed

A canopy certificate may not establish grease condition or fire protection through upper floors and voids.

02

The layout changes during service

Extra tables, deliveries, high chairs and waste can affect routes after the assessor leaves.

03

Several parties control the risk

Operator, landlord, extract cleaner, gas contractor and system specialists may each hold only part of the evidence.

Evidence to prepare

Records that would make this example more assessable

No single document proves that the premises is safe. Relevant evidence helps the assessor test construction, systems and management rather than rely on assumptions.

  • Current layout, maximum occupancy and premises information
  • Extraction design, route, cleaning scope and before-and-after records
  • Cooking suppression and shut-off records where provided
  • Gas and electrical safety information relevant to fire risk
  • Alarm, lighting, door and extinguisher records
  • Staff training, drills, closing checks and landlord coordination

Possible findings—not client findings

How observations could become useful actions

These examples are deliberately conditional. The actual significance, priority and solution would require inspection and professional judgement.

Example priorityPossible findingWhy it could matterIllustrative action
ImmediateWaste and deliveries regularly obstruct the rear exit used by kitchen and basement staff.The only route avoiding the cook line may not be immediately available during a fire.Restore and protect the route, assign shift checks and change delivery or storage arrangements.
HighThe cleaning record excludes concealed duct sections passing toward the flats above.Grease deposits and unknown construction may permit a kitchen fire to spread beyond the room of origin.Obtain competent inspection of the full accessible system, clarify cleaning scope and coordinate any construction investigation with the landlord.
MediumWet-chemical extinguisher and fire blanket positions no longer match the revised cooking line.Staff may be unable to reach suitable equipment without moving toward the fire.Have competent providers review equipment provision and train staff that escape takes priority over firefighting.
PlannedFront-of-house induction does not allocate who directs customers to the secondary exit.Unfamiliar occupants may default to the entrance even when another route is safer.Define simple roles for each shift, include agency staff and practise a credible peak-service scenario.

Illustrative outcome

What a well-managed result could look like

A well-managed illustrative result would keep the rear route protected throughout service, establish the actual duct cleaning and construction scope, review equipment after the appliance change and introduce concise shift-based evacuation and closing checks.

Questions about concealed ductwork, fire-resisting enclosures or suppression performance would be referred for specialist survey or design rather than answered beyond the FRA assessor’s evidence.

Transferable lessons

What a responsible person can take from the example

01

Inspect the route, not only the canopy

The hidden duct path and its building interfaces can carry the greater consequence.

02

Assess peak service

Occupancy, furniture, staffing and deliveries should reflect the busiest credible period.

03

Reassess after appliance changes

A changed fryer, grill or cooking method can affect extraction, suppression and equipment.

04

Coordinate with the landlord

Separation from flats and shared construction cannot be managed by the restaurant operator alone.

Apply the principles

Move from an example to your actual premises

Use the relevant guide to prepare the building information and assessment scope. For London or Surrey premises, you can also request help finding suitable assessment support.

Request an FRA estimate
Restaurant FRA guidanceKitchen, customer, escape and local assessment support. Restaurant fire-safety checklistPrepare records and review operational controls. London hospitality fire dataExplore official incident patterns by premises group and authority.

Frequently asked questions

Restaurant kitchen and extraction questions

Does an extraction-cleaning certificate prove the whole system is safe?

No. Check exactly which canopy, filters and duct sections were cleaned or inspected. The record may not establish concealed condition, construction, fire-stopping or the adequacy of the wider fire precautions.

Should the assessor visit during service?

The visit should allow the assessor to understand realistic occupancy and operating conditions. This may involve observing setup, discussing peak service and checking how management controls work, even if a full inspection during the busiest period is impractical.

Does the restaurant operator control the flats above?

Usually not, but a fire below can affect them. Responsible persons should identify interfaces and cooperate over the separating construction, duct route, warning and other shared risks.

Sources and limitations

Guidance behind the example

This page is general educational information for England. It does not establish the legal position, assessment scope, findings or price for a real premises.